how to fully reset safari on your mac for some unknown reason, the Safari option Show Develop menu in menu bar is grayed out and i am unable to click it. Reset the safari according to this article help me solve the issue.

I use this prompt to study German. Whenever I encounter a new German word, I ask ChatGPT to explain it to me. This prompt works particularly well with GPT-4.

When I enter a German word, your task is to provide a comprehensive analysis of that word. The analysis includes the following segments:

1. Meaning and Usage: Explanation of the word's meaning and common usage scenarios.
2. Linguistic Analysis: Analysis of the word's structure including any prefix, root, and suffix, and its etymology if applicable.
3. Comparisons between German and English: Highlighting any similarities or differences between the German word and its English counterpart.
4. Cultural Context: Any pertinent cultural context related to the word, if applicable.
5. Example Sentences: Providing sentences to illustrate the word's usage.
6. Memory Tips: Suggestions for remembering the word's meaning and usage.
7. Additional Vocabulary: Providing related words, synonyms, or antonyms to broaden vocabulary knowledge.
8. Gender and Plural (for nouns): Indicating the gender of the noun and its plural form, if applicable.
9. Conjugation (for verbs): Present tense conjugation, if applicable.

Refer to this format to provide a thorough understanding of the inquired German word, aiding in learning and retention of the word and related vocabulary.

Here is an example.

Input: Anzeige

The German noun "Anzeige" translates to "advertisement," "display," or "notification" in English, depending on the context. It's often used to refer to advertising materials, displays on devices, or formal notifications, such as reporting a crime. Here’s a detailed analysis of the word:

### 1. **Meaning and Usage:**
   - **Advertisement:** "Anzeige" can refer to an advertisement in a newspaper, magazine, or online platform.
   - **Display:** It can also denote a display on devices such as computers, phones, or other electronic gadgets.
   - **Notification/Report:** In a legal or formal context, "Anzeige" can refer to a notification or a report, often related to reporting incidents to authorities.

### 2. **Linguistic Analysis:**
   - Compound Word: "Anzeige" is derived from "anzeigen," a verb which means "to display," "to indicate," or "to report."

### 3. **Gender:**
   - "Anzeige" is a feminine noun, thus it is "die Anzeige."

### 4. **Comparisons between German and English:**
   - The multiple meanings of "Anzeige" in German align with various English terms such as "advertisement," "display," and "notification" based on context.

### 5. **Cultural Context:**
   - "Anzeige" is a common term used in various contexts in German-speaking countries, whether it's in advertising, technology, or legal realms.

### 6. **Example Sentences:**
   - Ich habe eine Anzeige in der Zeitung geschaltet. (I placed an advertisement in the newspaper.)
   - Die Anzeige des Telefons zeigt einen niedrigen Batteriestand. (The display of the phone shows a low battery level.)
   - Er hat eine Anzeige gegen den Dieb erstattet. (He filed a report against the thief.)

### 7. **Memory Tips:**
   - Associating "Anzeige" with visuals or formal notifications can help in remembering its various meanings.
   - Relating "Anzeige" to its verb form "anzeigen" (to display, to indicate, to report) can also serve as a mnemonic aid.

### 8. **Additional Vocabulary:**
   - Die Werbung (the advertising, feminine): A general term for advertising.
   - Der Bildschirm (the screen, masculine): Referring to the display screen of electronic devices.
   - Die Meldung (the report, notification, feminine): A term often used for notifications or reports.

This analysis should provide a thorough understanding of "Anzeige" and its usage in German. If there are any further inquiries or if you need more examples, feel free to ask!

Introduction

In a Django application deployed with gunicorn, it is important to optimize the handling of database connections to improve performance and efficiency. This post explores the behavior of gunicorn in relation to database connections and provides insights on how to reuse connections effectively.

Django + Gunicorn

Improtant note about Django ORM is that Django ORM does not have a build-int database connection pool like SQLAlchemy. The lifetime of the persistant connections are controlled by the CONN_MAX_AGE , the default value is 0.

The Sync Worker Class

In the case where CONN_MAX_AGE is set to 0, a new database connection is created for every HTTP request and closed at the end of each request. This can potentially lead to increased overhead due to the constant creation and closure of connections.

However, if CONN_MAX_AGE is set to a value greater than 0, the database connection is not closed immediately after the request is finished. In gunicorn’s sync worker class, which is process-based with a fixed number of processes, subsequent requests will be processed by the same processes, keeping the number of database connections stable.

The Async Worker Class: eventlet and gevent

For the default case where CONN_MAX_AGE is 0, there are no issues as connections are closed at the end of each request.

However, if CONN_MAX_AGE is not 0, problems can arise. In gunicorn’s async worker class, such as eventlet and gevent, each new HTTP request creates a new greenlet thread to handle it. Each thread maintains its own connection, leading to an accumulation of database connections over time.

To tackle this issue, the official gunicorn documentation recommends using the gevent worker and activating greenlet support for Psycopg2 when connecting to PostgreSQL. This can be achieved using the psycogreen library.

References

For more information, refer to the following resources:

• Gunicorn Design: Async Workers
• Django Conn_Max_Age Persists Connections But Doesn’t Reuse Them with PostgreSQL
• Gunicorn Issue: Reusing Database Connections

Overview

This guide provides step-by-step instructions for installing and enabling content caching for a macOS virtual machine (VM) in Proxmox.

Install a macOS VM

Follow the tutorial here to install a macOS VM in Proxmox.

Enable Content Caching

If you encounter difficulties enabling content caching through the Sharing menu, follow the instructions provided here .

Registration

If you are unable to register and receive a “Content Caching is temporarily unavailable” message, follow these steps:

1. Post-install OpenCore configuration.
2. Fix GenSMBios by following the steps here .
3. Fix en0 by verifying en0 as build-in. Details can be found here .

4. Fix ROM by following the steps here .

5. Reboot your VM and verify the content caching status.

   Reboot and verify the content caching status, you should be seen Activated: true and Active: true

> AssetCacheManagerUtil status

Content caching status:
    Activated: true
    Active: true
    ActualCacheUsed: 2.79 GB
    CacheDetails: (3)
        iCloud: 23.86 GB
        Mac Software: 211.7 MB
        Other: 701.7 MB
    CacheFree: 14.28 GB
    CacheLimit: 45 GB
    CacheStatus: OK
    CacheUsed: 24.77 GB

For additional information and discussion, refer to the Reddit post .

Problem

The Gigabyte Z390 motherboard fails to detect a connected hard disk drive (HDD) in the BIOS settings.

Issue Specifics

When changing the SATA port after saving the BIOS settings, the HDD is not recognized. This issue may arise when connecting or rearranging SATA devices in the system.

Solution

To resolve this problem, perform a CMOS reset and reboot the system. This allows the BIOS to correctly detect the SATA port and associated devices.

Instructions

1. Locate the CMOS reset pins on the Gigabyte Z390 motherboard.
2. Use a screwdriver to short the two CMOS reset pins together.
3. Reboot the system and enter the BIOS settings again.
4. The BIOS should now be able to read the connected SATA configuration properly.

Additional Information

This issue seems to be specific to the Gigabyte Z390 Designare motherboard. Users have reported that any changes to the SATA configuration, such as adding a new hard drive or rearranging SATA connections, can cause the BIOS to fail to recognize the devices. The only known solution in this case is to reset the CMOS by shorting the two pins on the motherboard.

For more information and user experiences, refer to the Gigabyte forum thread .

Problem: Unable to Boot System After Upgrading to Proxmox 7.4.6

After upgrading to Proxmox 7.4.6 and rebooting the system, an error message appears, stating “disk ’lvmid//’ not found.” This issue is caused by a bug in GRUB.

Solution: Using Super-Grub2 to Boot and Repair GRUB2

To resolve this issue, follow these steps:

1. Create a bootable USB using Super Grub Disk2 Rescue ISO .

2. Boot the system from the Super Grub Disk2 USB.

3. Upon booting, an orange-colored menu will appear.

4. Select “Enable GRUB2’s RAID and LVM support” and press Enter.

5. Press Esc to return to the main menu.

6. Select “Boot manually” and press Enter.

7. Select “Operating Systems” and press Enter.

8. Scroll down to the second last option, “Linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.xx.xx-x-pve (lvm/pve-root),” and press Enter.

9. The system will reboot and boot into Proxmox VE as before.

10. Once successfully booted into Proxmox VE, open the Proxmox VE shell.

11. Run the following command to repair GRUB2: update-grub.

However, running the update-grub command may throw errors related to disks not found. To resolve this, perform the following steps:

12. Inside the Proxmox VE shell, run the following command to extend the LVM: lvextend -L +1G /dev/pve/.

13. After extending the LVM, run the following command to reduce the LVM back: lvreduce -L -1G /dev/pve/.

14. After completing these steps, you should be able to use the system as normal.

References:

• Proxmox Forum Thread: System Unbootable - GRUB Error: Disk lvmid not found
• Reddit Thread: Stuck at GRUB Rescue After an Update and Reboot

Introduction

This code example demonstrates how to use Python’s Flask framework and the python-telegram-bot library (version 13.0) to build a webhook for a Telegram bot. We will utilize the Google Cloud Run container to handle incoming messages and invoke the bot without long polling.

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from telegram import Bot, Update
from telegram.ext import Dispatcher
import requests

app = Flask(__name__)
bot = Bot(token="YOUR_BOT_TOKEN_HERE")
dispatcher = Dispatcher(bot, None, workers=0, use_context=True)

Defining the Message Handler

To handle incoming messages, we define a function called photo_handler that will be used as a handler for photo messages.

def photo_handler(update: Update, context):
    user_id = update.message.from_user.id
    owner_id = 123456789  # Replace with your user_id

    if user_id == owner_id:
        file_id = update.message.photo[-1].file_id  # Get the highest-resolution photo
        file_info = bot.get_file(file_id)
        file_url = file_info.file_path
        
        # Download the file (assuming you have 'requests' installed)
        response = requests.get(file_url)
        with open("received_photo.jpg", "wb") as f:
            f.write(response.content)

Setting up the Webhook Endpoint

We define a route for the /webhook endpoint using the @app.route decorator. This endpoint will receive incoming updates from Telegram.

@app.route('/webhook', methods=['POST'])
def webhook():
    update = Update.de_json(request.get_json(), bot)
    dispatcher.process_update(update)
    return jsonify(success=True)

Adding the Message Handler to the Dispatcher

We add the photo_handler function as a message handler using the MessageHandler class from the telegram.ext module. We specify the Filters.photo filter to only handle photo messages.

if __name__ == "__main__":
    from telegram.ext import MessageHandler, Filters
    
    photo_handler = MessageHandler(Filters.photo, photo_handler)
    dispatcher.add_handler(photo_handler)
    app.run(port=5000)

Conclusion

By using Flask and the python-telegram-bot library, we can easily build a webhook for a Telegram bot. This allows us to handle incoming messages efficiently using a Google Cloud Run container instead of using long polling.

When building Docker images, it is common to configure Git within the image using commands like git config --global user.name and git config --global user.email. These commands update the global Git configuration for the user during the image build process. However, when running git commit inside a container that is spawned from the image, you may encounter a “please tell me who you are” error. This error occurs because the Git configuration set during the build process does not persist in the container.

The Issue

The git config --global command updates the global Git configuration for the user running the command. By default, the configuration is stored in a .gitconfig file located in the home directory of the user. When you add the git config commands to your Dockerfile, they only affect the image build process and do not persist when a container is created.

Solution Methods

Method 1: Set Git Config at Runtime

One way to resolve this issue is by setting the Git configuration within the container at runtime. This can be done manually or by adding the commands to a startup script. For example, you can run the following commands when starting the container:

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "email@example.com"

By setting the Git configuration at runtime, it ensures that the configuration is applied consistently whenever a container is started.

Method 2: Copy a Prepared .gitconfig File

Another approach is to prepare a .gitconfig file on your host system with the desired settings and then copy it into the Docker image. This method allows you to define the Git configuration outside of the Docker build process.

To do this, create a .gitconfig file on your host system with the desired Git settings. For example:

[user]
    name = Your Name
    email = email@example.com

Next, include the following line in your Dockerfile:

COPY .gitconfig /root/.gitconfig

This line copies the .gitconfig file from the host system into the /root/.gitconfig path within the image. When a container is created from the image, it will include the copied .gitconfig file, ensuring that the Git configuration is persisted.

Conclusion

When using Git within Docker containers, it is important to ensure that the Git configuration persists across container runs. This can be achieved by setting the Git configuration at runtime or by copying a prepared .gitconfig file into the container. By following these approaches, you can avoid the “please tell me who you are” error and have consistent Git configurations within your Docker containers.

Enabling APIs

To get started with setting up a CI/CD pipeline using Google Cloud Build and GitHub, the first step is to enable the necessary APIs in your Google Cloud Console. Specifically, you need to enable the Cloud Build API and the Cloud Run API. This can be done easily by navigating to the APIs & Services section in the Google Cloud Console and enabling the respective APIs.

Connecting GitHub Repository

Once the APIs are enabled, the next step is to connect your GitHub repository to Google Cloud Build. To do this, navigate to the Cloud Build dashboard in the Google Cloud Console. From there, go to the “Triggers” section and click on “Connect Repository”. Choose GitHub as the source and authenticate with your GitHub account. After authentication, select the repository you want to connect to Google Cloud Build.

Creating Build Trigger

After successfully connecting your GitHub repository, you need to create a build trigger. A build trigger defines the conditions under which a build should be triggered, such as when changes are pushed to a specific branch or tag. To create a build trigger, specify the branch or tag that should trigger the build and define the build configuration. The build configuration can be defined using a cloudbuild.yaml file in your repository. This file specifies the steps that should be performed during the build process.

Here’s a sample cloudbuild.yaml file that builds a Docker image and deploys it to Cloud Run:

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['build', '-t', 'gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/my-image', '.']
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/gcloud'
  args: ['run', 'deploy', 'my-service', '--image', 'gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/my-image', '--platform', 'managed']

Make sure to customize this file according to your project’s specific needs, such as the image name, service name, and any additional build steps required.

Granting Permissions to Cloud Build Service Account

Finally, in order for Cloud Build to have the necessary permissions to access and deploy the service to Cloud Run, you need to grant the Cloud Build service account the “Cloud Run Admin” role. This role provides the necessary permissions for the build process to deploy the service to Cloud Run successfully.

By following these steps, you can set up a CI/CD pipeline with Google Cloud Build and GitHub, automating the build and deployment process whenever changes are pushed to your GitHub repository. This ensures a seamless and efficient development workflow, allowing you to focus on writing code and delivering your application quickly and reliably.

As of the time of writing, the current version of A-Shell is 1.12.1.

Passing Python Files to A-Shell

When using the iOS shortcut action A-Shell , the Put File action does not provide an option to specify the filename. Instead, it automatically names the file based on the first line of th content, excluding special symbols.

Base on this observation we can use the first line to specify filename and modify it after the file creation.

Let’s consider the following content.

getgif
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # print the first command line argument
    print(sys.argv[1])

it will be named getgif.txt after being passed from the “Text” action into A-Shell put file action

Removing the First Line with Sed

To remove the first line of a file (in this case, getgif.txt), we can utilize the Execute Command shortcut action in A-Shell. The command we can use is

sed -i '' '1d' getgif.txt

Executing the Python Script

Once we have removed the first line of the file, we can proceed to execute the Python script within A-Shell using Execute Command

python getgif.txt "hello"